DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOLAR POWER GENERATION AND ELECTRICITY DEMAND FOR IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67772/3jk36b14Keywords:
Solar PV generation, Electricity demand, Energy balance, Demand coverage, PV self-consumptionAbstract
Solar photovoltaic generation and electricity demand follow distinct temporal patterns that can create substantial energy imbalance even when aggregate solar production is high. Understanding their dynamic interaction is essential for evaluating demand coverage, self-consumption, and surplus energy in prosumer systems. This research examined the temporal relationship between solar PV generation and electricity demand and quantified its influence on energy-balance performance. Approximately 30-second-resolution measurements from 24 sampled days were analyzed using descriptive, hourly, time-weighted, and day-level statistical methods. PV generation, electricity demand, direct demand coverage, self-consumption, surplus energy, unmet load, and net energy balance were evaluated, with paired testing and Spearman correlations applied at the day level. PV generation peaked at 11:00, whereas electricity demand peaked at 21:00, producing a 10-hour separation. Total PV energy exceeded total load energy, yet direct PV demand coverage was 34.96%, PV self-consumption was 21.80%, and the PV surplus share reached 78.20%. Eighteen of 24 sampled days recorded a net surplus. Higher daily PV energy was strongly associated with greater demand coverage (ρ = 0.721, p < 0.001). Effective energy balancing therefore depends strongly on temporal alignment between generation and consumption. Load shifting, demand response, and storage could improve utilization of daytime PV surplus and reduce evening deficits.
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